Ownership of Bitcoin in 2026 is distributed across various entities, including its creator, crypto exchanges, public companies, ETFs, and governments. However, based on the latest data, Satoshi Nakamoto remains the largest Bitcoin holder in the world.

According to a report by Arkham Intelligence as of April 2026, cited by CoinMarketCap on Friday (May 1, 2026), Satoshi is estimated to control around 1.096 million BTC, valued at approximately USD 82 billion at current prices.

This ownership originates from early Bitcoin mining activities identified through the “Patoshi Pattern.” Satoshi is believed to have mined around 22,000 blocks during the early stages of Bitcoin’s development.

This amount represents roughly 5.5% of the total global Bitcoin supply. To date, wallets associated with Satoshi have shown no significant activity, keeping them under close observation in ownership analyses.

In second place, Coinbase holds approximately 976,000 BTC, including both company assets and customer funds stored through custodial services.

Meanwhile, Binance controls around 631,000 BTC distributed across multiple identified wallets.

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The Growing Role of ETFs and Public Companies
Beyond crypto exchanges, Bitcoin ETFs and public companies have become major players in institutional Bitcoin ownership.

BlackRock is recorded as the largest Bitcoin ETF issuer, holding approximately 799,000 BTC. This surge followed the launch of spot Bitcoin ETFs in the United States in January 2024.

Other major institutions such as Fidelity, Grayscale, Bitwise, ARK Invest, and Morgan Stanley also have significant exposure to Bitcoin through ETF products.

For instance, Grayscale holds its assets across more than 1,750 wallet addresses, each containing no more than 1,000 BTC.

Among public companies, Strategy is the largest Bitcoin holder, with approximately 781,000 BTC. However, part of these holdings is stored through third-party custodians such as Fidelity.

The total value of Strategy’s Bitcoin holdings is estimated at around USD 59 billion.

US Leads Government Bitcoin Holdings
Governments are also among the largest Bitcoin holders, primarily through asset seizures. The Amerika Serikat government is the largest holder among countries, with approximately 328,000 BTC.

These assets originate from cases such as the Bitfinex hack and the illegal marketplace Silk Road. This amount represents about 1.6% of the total Bitcoin supply.

The Inggris follows with around 61,000 BTC, followed by El Salvador with 7,600 BTC, and Bhutan with approximately 3,500 BTC obtained through mining activities.

On the other hand, the largest individual wallet is held by Binance, with a single cold wallet containing about 249,000 BTC.

Interestingly, many large wallets still have unidentified owners, with some holding tens of thousands of Bitcoin, even exceeding 90,000 BTC.

This data indicates that despite increasing blockchain transparency, many of the world’s largest Bitcoin holders remain unidentified.